Species → Panamanian golden frog

Panamanian golden frog

Atelopus zeteki

not seen in the wild since 2009; more than 1,000 adults in captive…
Extinction risk Critically Endangered
Fungal diseaseWaterwayExtinction
Panamanian golden frog (Atelopus zeteki)
Photo: Brian Gratwicke, Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0)

What if it disappeared?

Impact High
Over 3 years (El Copé)

At El Copé, where golden frog tadpoles were among the most abundant before the arrival of the chytrid fungus, the loss of 98% of the stream's total tadpole biomass more than doubled the biomass of algae and fine detritus on the streambed, and cut the system's rate of nitrogen uptake by more than half.

Documented
Detail

Colón-Gaud, C. et al. (2010). Freshwater Biology, 55, 2077–2088 ; Whiles, M.R. et al. (2013). Disease-Driven Amphibian Declines Alter Ecosystem Processes in a Tropical Stream. Ecosystems, 16(1), 146–157.

Experimental electric-fence enclosures excluded tadpoles from certain zones of the stream, confirming that they directly consume algae and sediment and redistribute them through bioturbation. Researchers measured the stream before and after the sudden collapse of all the site's aquatically breeding frogs — the golden frog was part of this tadpole assemblage, though its individual role was not isolated from the rest.

Limit of the measurement

No study has isolated the golden frog's own share of the effect measured in the previous point, which covers the stream's entire tadpole assemblage — and none will be able to do so directly anymore, since the species has not been seen in the wild since 2009.

Insufficient
Detail

As with the red wolf and the passenger pigeon, the species' disappearance from the wild preceded any chance to measure its individual role — only the captive population, kept outside its native stream, survives today.

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